Residual stress in fiber reinforced thermosetting composites: A review of measurement techniques

Residual stress is inherent in any fiber reinforced composite, created by the laminates processing route and high levels of anisotropy. The aim this article to provide an up date review current state art experimental techniques for determination residual thermosetting composites. considered at a micro-mechanical, macro-mechanical, global scale as each require specific investigate offer their own unique challenges designer. Many advances have been made composites since last comprehensive topic Shokrieh 2014. However, more work still needs be done develop method that applicable all cases can applied universal standard. It remains significant challenge experimentally determine